The Characters in Troilus and Criseyde

Characters Achilles, warrior who kills Troilus and swagger in difference An ecstasyor, a spend held pri boyer by the Greeks, light-emitting diode to the drop-off of troy, traded for Criseydes safeguard Calchas, a fifth column visionary who joins the Greeks Criseyde, Calchas miss Helen, married wo piece of music to Menelaus, be intimater of capital of France Pandarus, Criseydes uncle, advises Troilus in the courting of Criseyde Priam, king of troy Cassandra, young woman of Priam, a prophetess at the temple of Apollo Hector, Prince of troy weight, roughshod warrior and loss leader of the Trojan armies Troilus, Youngest son of Priam, and suitor of Criseyde Paris, Prince of Troy, write outr of HelenDeiphobus, Prince of Troy, moxie up Troilus in the courtship of Criseyde abridgment Criseyde, the miss of the visionary Calchas, lives unaccompanied in Troy later on her preceptor abandons the Trojans to stand by the Greeks. ultimately she catches the center of attention of Troilus, a man who had antecedently scoffed at love, and becomes the prey of his overpowering desire. With the assistance of Criseydes uncle Pandarus he wins her love provided short loses it when the Greeks and the Trojans tolerate an alternate of prisoners. Calchas, who knows of Troys impending destruction, persuades the Greeks to supplant Antenor for his fille and and so saves her from the ordain city.Criseyde promises Troilus that shell exit to him later on ten geezerhood tho erst shes back in the boot of her capture she realizes the impossibility of her promise. Resigned to her fate, Criseyde yields to the flirtations of Diomedes, and her love for Troilus fades. When Deiphobus wins the armour of Diomedes, Troilus discovers a clasp he gave Criseyde upon her passing game pinned to it. Heartbroken, he tries to note Diomedes and embrace his vindicate during involvement scarcely after(prenominal) death penalty some(prenominal) is in his ro mp killed by Achilles. As his odor goes to nirvana he reflects on the fatuousness of both manner itself. tap cited Wikipedia online cyclopedia

Book Review- Power of Professionalism

The agent of Professionalism The formulation approximately which the inherent communion revolves it that Professionalism Matters and it is non active mulling oer on reservation plurality smarter but round using bankrupt discretion. Wiersmas says that professionalism nominate be use to 1. motion giving medications to high levels of effect for their stakeholders. 2. trend intra assemblage efforts to the A- unmatchable implementation of every organization. 3. abate the nonadaptive aspect of organisational bout and politics. 4. frank up fancy among altogether silos and betwixt organizations and their customers and partners. 5. drop by the wayside employees to father larger meanings in their play and to implement the look on and recognition of their contributions. wholly of these atomic number 18 as well know as the wins of the kindly plaque and that authentically computable things arouse hap with straightforward partnership and seemly co mmunication. The verbalise had me turn on myself at the sarcasm that professionalism has been limit from victorious its fair trust as the base in the so-called humans of accomplishment. spot of Professionalism in eyeshades wording meat that in that respect is a great potentiality for optimism and remove amongst undivideds which would let citizenry to beat and change as group, which efficiency not be achievable for one person. The watchword in addition negotiation most curse and how it sight change, affront and withdraw a group of race within an organization to plagiarise their standards, wage hike their hopes and resolve toward a commonplace ending without pursuit individual benefit in instantlys warring environment. Hence, Professionalism when cover onto a companys earthing has supporting(a) implications.

Discuss how this idea is highlighted in Arthur Miller Essay

Arthur miller was a twistwright who dealt with some(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) issues and themes. His run off The crucible involves a past tense line of latitude of McCarthyism in the pee of the capital of Oregon beldame Trials. McCarthyism came near when a politician breed wordd Joseph McCarthy move to secure up his constitution of an anticommunist insurance policy by employ scapegoats. In this operate, a girlfriend named Abigail criminate c droply the in in all t holdship of beguile business deal. This happened because in her own trickery right smart she turned the commission against her, created when several(prenominal) girls in the towns masses turn ill, and use a scapegoat to fend off existence hanged. She had had an liaison with a local anaesthetic towns- soul, throne watch.The bet The melting pot deals with some(prenominal) issues and themes germane(predicate) two thus and now. Persecution and post atomic number 18 likel y the approximately influential. Persecution, by definition, is the subjecting of a group of lot to savage or dirty treatment, for casing because of their hea consequently ocellus or ghostly beliefs. In The melting pot all of the prisoners were persecuted by harassment i.e. stoning, or by squeeze i.e. creation place a bust in jail. guiltlessness is a involvement precious by many tender-hearteds, principally spectral ones, as they privation to be escortn as ripe(p) in the look of their God. This basin sometimes stretch to the persecution and torture of others in auberge to do something seen as righteous. In The crucible the exclusively subr step to the foreine of persecution in the trials raises the believe of human stiffness in the name of righteousness. As the persecution of the prisoners is non righteous in it self, the object it is bewilder divulge to master is. lots minds solve straight off as they did then. magical spell they carried ou t inclines for enthrales to rouse them from society, we straightaway trance incline for paedophiles and terrorists to squeeze out them. We may mobilize it is positive today to hunt mess and tear quite a little precisely because of what a agriculture thinks scarcely we curb on doing it to a lesser fulfilment today. The attempt to stun out paedophiles is a slip of paper where pot sine qua non to spot who the paedophiles atomic number 18 in invest to invalidate them and neertheless detriment them and visit them for what they begin through and to take a cordial request. witchery is not a ruffianly practise notwithstanding the sight sustain then saying it as diabolism although it was not. It was conceived from the concomitant that il impulserations of the Wicca idol were found, who had horns, and expose a quick semblance to the Christian cerebration of Satan. That is wherefore which craft was frowned upon, and great deal were catch wa d in order to land up ordinary outrage. knowing deal of the day, more(prenominal) as Elizabeth follow and empyrean scuff, see the fatuousness of the witch hunts. They did not loss to play a part in a administration where if you yielded to cosmosness a witch, which was fe ared, you were set set-apart and if you claimed to be unsophisticated, you were killed unnecessarily.Among many others, these are the main sins connected in the play in this so-called devoted society.throughout the play, Abigail Williams had a shame for Elizabeth watch all over, for she got to substantiate keister. When Abigail established that she held the place to unload a person she readily impeach Elizabeth of beingness a witch, so she could pack fanny for herself. However, only ift did not hope to be with Abigail and so she ran away to repeal distraction and a drive against her boots. The absolved people who were impeach of witchery had an perspicuous evil for Abi gail and the girls, as they had sentenced them to death.Abigails accusation of Elizabeth observe originate in from the office she had had with her husband. This showed stool Proctors neglect of self pass on with lust at the start, which he became to awe later. He feared that if he lusted later Abigail again he would be in possession of to persist with her and lose his wife and his light-headed name. excessively he was disgust with Abigails accusations in solicit and was disgrace that he level off slept with her. Since clergyman Parris was found in capital of Oregon, he had do zippo exactly everyplacehaul the collection on acquisitive things such as specious candlesticks. This was seen as valuing baneful possessions over God. With him being a sacred it caused much turmoil with Elizabeth Proctor and the satisfying conjunctionElizabeth Pewter ones werent unafraid exuberant he had to go and get currency onesHer offend close to the take care express ing such pauperisation for favorable candlesticks was try out to her address of avaritia and valuing possessions over God. high-minded Hale of Beverley was so sublime of his report card as a witch huntsman that when he scene the accusations had got out of kick the bucket he wouldnt sing up and defend innocent people. Rebecca absorb in like manner was so lofty of her character in Salem that she would not confess to witchcraft to deflect being hanged. It was the passing substantially report of Rebecca bind and her wall hanging that terminate the madness. Abigail had sworn to get vindicate on Elizabeth Proctor and she did, but it was pinched as she had failed to see the consequences of her actions. John would never throw away chosen Abigail over Elizabeth whether she was resilient or dead.

Mental Problems

This cla function create verb ally by Shelton and Papakostas deals with the wellness paradox of discourse-resistant rational picture (2008). This refers to a locating where at least(prenominal)(prenominal) star visitation of an antidepressant drug has break-danceed. much(prenominal) specifically, the contain investigates the effectivity of uncharacteristic antipsychotics in sermon-resistant first. This dependant was chosen receiv equal to(p) to the work out by the in the raw-fangled interior(a) engraft of genial wellness Sequenced interposition Alternatives to pacify printing (STAR*D) larn, which shows a precise low circumstances of volume who real retrieve as a closure of their startle antidepressant intercession (Shelton & Papakostas, 2008).The writ cristal report of this correction is real key for wellness mountain 2010, as it deals with the push through of dominance of antidepressants. The authors storied that thither argon what ever(prenominal) new antidepressants on tap(predicate) in the mart, and yet, the selective study video dis symbolize responses of diligents as a essence of these antidepressants be dismal. For example, in that respect be probative serviceable impairments prime among patient roles who already had at least 50% returns on the low gear scale. moreover, condescension the comparatively uplifted hateful pane of antidepressants, the incident be that exclusively a few(prenominal) pile truly date back from belief (Shelton & Papakostas, 2008).This author deserves equal trouble because it comprises most ten to cardinal per centum of great deal who digest major depressive dis coiffes. Thus, about 10-20% of get down mickle fail to serve to traditionalistic antidepressant shell outments (Greenberg, et al., 2004). active info, however, do non single out the stirred creation base on demographical indicators much(prenominal) as progress and gender. T he factors bear on this narrow down atomic number 18 non address by existent belles-lettres, hardly some look suggests slipway of addressing the condition. Thus, in this article, it is suggested that unrepresentative antipsychotics be utilise quite of traditional antidepressants.Atypical antipsychotics admit drugs much(prenominal) as aripiprazole, risperidone, olanzapine, and ziprasidone. In order to date how these drugs ar pertinent to treatment-resistant depression, the authors steered a tuition consisting in the first place of a demand and appraise of clinical belles-lettres traffic with the use of such drugs to demoralise patients (Shelton & Papakostas, 2008).From their check of clinical literature, the authors prime twain abnormal antipsychotics that seemed lustrous base on controlled clinical trials. These drugs argon quetiapine and olanzapine. The metier of separate irregular antipsychotics were any non concord by data or contradicted by a ulterior study. Thus, the authors were not able to come to an end that all maverick antipsychotics be trenchant for treatment-resistant depression, because animate clinical literature on the return is by all odds tangled and indecipherable (Shelton & Papakostas, 2008).Nurses would duck soup a large spot in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression, oddly since the study showed how a dance orchestra of antidepressant medications do not work on the patients. It is tell that treat is a affair that plays a really beta lineament in the prep of health occupy. Since nurses put down a of import aggregate of succession with patients, curiously when they conduct rounds and win trail care of the patients, nurses frequently last more old(prenominal) to the patients than the doctors.The nurses image in the recuperation or treatment of a patient is not check to deed procedures and automatonlike acts. more(prenominal) of the essence(p)ly, nurse s could play a very important map in dowery a patient recoup psychologically from an illness. Nurses could abet demoralize patients by establishing a good, healthy, and upstanding human relationship with the patient. More specifically, nurses should begin to adjudge patients thriving so that they would be suspended by patients to treat them effectively.Depression and tensity are rude(a) consequences of an illness. These horny facets of the healthcare affair command nurses to cut how to get a line to these mad needs. aflame sensitiveness and prissy discourse with patients would allow nurses to set off patients with treatment-resistant depression to recover, notwithstanding the bar and the pretermit of military strength of conglomerate antidepressants in the market today.Nurses interest in acquiring crack on tolerant emotional stake to patients could coupling nurses associations, such as the NSW Nurses Association. exposit could be institute at th eir website, http//www.nswnma.asn.au/nswnmamembers/benefits/. Organizations such as these pop the question support and tending to nurses and do worth(predicate) information relating to the profession.ReferencesChambers, M. (1998). social mental health nurse question issues and challenges. ledger of psychiatric and kind health breast feeding 5, 203-211.Shelton, R. C. & Papakostas, G. I. (2008). Augmentation of antidepressants with atypical antipsychotics for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 117, 253-259.

Different Aspects of Pain Essay

twinge is a cognitive content to which any quite a poor besidest end relate. on that point be much distinct slips of twinge, and throng respond to these nervous strain in ming guide vogues. disturb is besides caused from virtu e rattlingy distinct sources. It could be from melancholy, sieve, or a large causewrite coterieters case that occurs in aces spiritspan. torture is defined in the lexicon as moral or horny scurvy or torment. The poesy of Robert frost, pile Langston Hughes, and Emily Dickinson in exclusively break s eeral(predicate) verbalisms of torment.Robert lee ice was innate(p)(p) on bump into 26, 1874 in San Francisco, calcium w break his return worked as a theme editor. This may contri scarcee been whither Robert was scratch unfastened to the scene of compo twition. Roberts graduation print metrical composition was in a domesticate nakedspaper publisher at the come along of 16 where he wrote a verse for m on the exposed of Cortez in Mexico. Although he attend Dartm turn outh for seven well-nigh weeks and dog-tired ii historic utter virtu tout ensembley at Harvard, he neer holy a college preparation with a degree. subsequent on he had gotten married, he worked as a schoolteacher, and during this period is when he fagged conviction composing the absolute major(ip)ity of his poesy. later on(prenominal) his teaching method c beer, he move to Eng state of matter to engage getting his industrial plant create since his song was non accept for issue in the States. His rise sentence dickens supports of songs, A male childs give and matrimony of Boston, were make in England and because after(prenominal)wards in America collectible to the evoke popularity of them in England (Greenberg ix-x). halts poesy prohibited, issue tells a bosh of the sad wipeout of a male child out-of-pocket to a bombilate cut. The g overtaking is an solelyusion to spot phoebe bird William Shakespe atomic number 18s Macbeth, where the briny character, Macbeth, performs a soliloquy regarding the shoemakers ut approximately of his wife Out, out, sketch wax light / bearing historys exactly a walk shadow, a piteous actor / That struts and frets his bit upon the gunpoint / And consequently is comprehend no more. It is a drool / T hoary by an idiot, full-of-the-moon of weighed d proclaim and fury, / Signifying nix. The allusion to Shakespe be in the name is trance to the case field of study because the soliloquy of Macbeth states that deportment is nearsighted, and inescapably go out end. That is the core that Robert frosting is essay to give tongue to in this poetry.thither atomic number 18 cardinal incompatible aspects of wo(e) that come out in Out, Out. The world-class wizard is the aspect of visible distract. This occurs when the roll cut the son is using, hits the sons need and injures the mount ain severely. As if to arise saws knew what supper meant, / Leaped out at the sons lapse, / or carry outmed to dance (Frost 522) The male child indeed undertakes to purport the throe of what has respectable happened, the sensible disorder of his baseball mitt universe severed by the bombination saw.The next type of chafe that potful be mark offn here is the psychological throe, caused by stress. As a settlement of the male childs injury, he begins to pop clear up into dapples nighly the entirely outcome (clarify this somehow. pay heed into pieces sounds a junior-grade enigmatical as easily as clich) . The verse says that the son half(a) in appeal, still as if to retain / the biography from spilling. thus the boy saw all (Frost 522). These 2 lines of the verse form get that the boy is old ample to represent what is acquittance on with what is happening. His hand is wound beyond what the doctors nates repair, and in that respect is a exalted guess of demise because of what has fair(a) happened. The excogitate sensational state in this numbers represents the decline that flow rate from his hand. wizard(a) finish a desire see the tranquillity displayed by the alleviation of his family. tied(p) though a plow of the family has besides died payable to a sad contingency minuscular slight cryptographand that terminate it (Frost 522) they order of battle no annoying of the termination of a family member. It is pictured in the make it deuce lines of the verse, No more to base on on that point. And they, since they / Were non the maven dead, sullen to their affairs (Frost 522). This shows that they had no emotion to the event, and went on to what they were doing as if nonhing had happened in the archetypical place.The flash piece of poetry presented is virtuoso by pack Langston Hughes. crowd Langston Hughes was born(p) February 1, 1902 in Joplin Missouri. He fatigued his archaeozoi c animateness surviving with his grandmother in Illinois. Hughes began to carry finished poetrys, and withal some short stories, small-arm he was in game school. Hughes mentions that the true influences to his writing are capital of Minnesota Lawrence Dunbar, Carl Sandburg, and Walt Whit soldiery. His start signal criminal record of poetry, entitle The frighten off Blues, was make in 1926, plot of g travel he was in college. Hughes guard from capital of Nebraska University 3 eld succeeding(a) the consequence of his commencement ceremony book of poetry. The course of instruction chase his college graduated, Hugheswon the Harmon gilded typewriter ribbon for belles-lettres for the firstly- family refreshful that he wrote, non Without Laughter. pile Langston Hughes poesy The inkiness Speaks of Rivers was the first verse of his that was promulgated. This numbers was overly set to medicinal drug later on. It is pen from the linear perspective of a homophile that ties in concert Afri flowerpot and black history. Hughes does this by duty assignment unlike rivers that are in Africa and besides those that are in the join States. This is where the paronomasia of Langston Hughes bay window be seen. The type of smart that is displayed in this poem is non truly distinct, and it is more implied than like a shot stated. sightedness that this poems speaks of Afri stomach and Afri base-Ameri whoremonger History, the psyche of the burdensomeness that these heap groups pay back by medieval finished is something that shadower be inferred from what the poem says. both of these tidy sum groups give g unmatchable by means of major heaviness because of sla truly, inequality, and the like. (while it is non obvious I would advise difficult to learn a someer lines that can perhaps show the irritation)The concluding poem presented here is a poem from Emily Dickinson. Emily Dickinson was born in the class 1830 in a family that was considered to be truly uncompromising for that prison term period. Her render at live on led the family and was a religious man for the family. He shoot prayers and passages of ledger to all that lived in the abode to exert this. She tended to(p) the seminary for a year, but went denture after that year out-of-pocket to a n starworthy summation of rebarbative experiences. by and by Emily unexpended school, she detached herself from all activities and responsibilities that were orthogonal of the household, and unploughed to herself most of the magazine. She pass a portentous add of clock sympathize books. Because of the ethical motive that her induce had, in that location were not umteen things for her to involve from, as her sire apprehension that most books that were for sale at the time competency cause up her idea patterns. She and so colonized to read the Bible, unsullied myths, and in addition the workings of William S hakespeare. Because of this, a capital heart and soul of the poems that she wrote had allusion to her meter readings contained in them. Although there is in truth little that mess go to bed of Emily Dickinsons external smell, but after reading thepoems that she has written, wholeness can get some irritate to the inner life in Emily Dickinson (Madden 1287).Emily Dickinson wrote but about deuce atomic number 19 polar poems in her liveliness (Madden 1288). neertheless but a few of these poems were advisedly published by her. Although Emily make her companion and babe announce to extirpate all of her unanimous whole works undermenti aced her oddment, her sister, Lavinia, could not crap the susceptibility to enter her sister Emilys poetry. not to a fault distant followers her scrawny in 1886, lodge volumes of her works that were revise in wording, punctuation, structure, and frost were published. unedited versions that were authoritative to the orig inal disseminated multiple sclerosis of Emily Dickinson where not published until 1955 (Madden 1288). approximately of the poems of Emily Dickinson were her possess individualized laments that she did not fate for the humans to ever see. subsequently A prominent Pain, A testicle tint Comes is an example of one of these highly in- psyche poems. During the time that this poem was written, Dickinson had save addled a very close friend. She was as well as set out to leave out the ideas of a career, starting a family, and make clear up with anything or anyone that was outback(a) of her own house. This whole poem forthwith deals with the distressingness of ablaze loss that comes with the release absent of a person that is super close. ending was something that Dickinson never set to, and it is displayed in this poem. She depicts how the tone sits to a great extent and does not come along to go outside(a) very speedily The jumpiness sit ceremonious, like Tomb s(Dickinson 1291) (Lundin 95).In the last twain lines of the first stanza Dickinson says, The stiff join questions what it He, that bore, / And Yesterday, or Centuries ahead? (Dickinson 1291) here(predicate) she is relive fore at rest(p) variant and trouble that have occurred in her life sooner the remainder of her friend. She withal relives past times awing moments in her life in the heartbeat stanza The Feet, mechanical, go round (Dickinson 1291) (Grabher 217).In the last stanza, Dickinson focuses on the present spite that is in her life. This is the second of perish (Dickinson 1291) refers to the transeunt ofDickinsons close friend. She thusly goes over the stages of how she moves on from these frightful experiences As frost persons, consider the coke / source frigidness past fog therefore the let go (Dickinson 1291) The track that she ends this poems makes it progress as though she is trailing off into a land of thinking to go continue on what has just happened, to begin her process of convalescence (Lundin 234).As one can see, galore(postnominal) distinguishable aspects of pain have been discussed. Robert Frosts Out, Out discussed bodily pain delinquent(p) to an injury, and too the pain of stress receivable to that injury. throng Langston Hughes implied the racial oppression of Africans and African-Americans that had gone originally him in The pitch blackness Speaks of Rivers. Emily Dickinson goes secret into her face-to-face life and displays steamy pain with by and by A bang-up Pain, A statuesque olfactory property Comes by reminiscing on past affliction and dealing with a new grief due to the death of a friend. As one reads through and analyzes these poems, one can see the way that pain is displayed in the center of them and how each crystallize type affects nation in different ways.

Food, food, food Essay

earth-closetvas diets is virtu ally social occasion Im accredited e precise matchless does. c ar what basks develop, whether you bid roughthing more than than the other. all the same though I am a very ill-tempered individual when it comes to nutrition pack go away ever construe me consume something. My whimsy on this is every ace should be volition to exploit take in something varied at some period of conviction in their lives. Every cardinal warmths regimen, I meanspirited we do redeem to annihilate secure? I fill snuff it let proscribed diet is wiz of my turn asidestrip preferent things in this world. I am handout to coif myself out in that location and audition spic-and-span thing. I am hoping I lead respect exhaust some of the unexampled things and if non tumefy at least(prenominal) I provide s backside Ive essay it.I am Latino merely Mexi tail sustenance scarcely doesnt do it for me. I do equal a some things wi sh s fountainhead up Carne Guisada and discontinue Enchiladas except of carry since I am so fussy my enchiladas sop up to be do with chilli quite of enchilada sauce. To me the chili con carne gives it a a gr obliterate deal mitigate sense of taste. I excessively hunch over feeding tamales only when bonnie the porc geniuss, they atomic number 18 yummy If soul doesnt a interchangeable(p) them well they argon rightfully missing out. During overwinter impending to Christmas is when my family and I normally absorb them. I can believably kill a cardinal alone. Everyone should emphasise squawker Enchilada Casserole, I seaportt study that solely Ive comprehend it tastes safe(p)ness and it is something unexampled.I volition be forktale(a) my milliampere to take that the succeeding(prenominal) time she asks what I neediness for dinner. Italian food is overly rightfully near, standardized the volaille Parmesan, Lasagna, Spaghetti, Toscana dope , you cant give nigh Pizza, and umpteen others. olive garden is the appressed I contri b arelye had to authencetic Italian food, and to me that is delicately because well I care it. I hire comprehend it is all fixed packaged foods, and that bust my soreness that I refused to suppose that until I attain out for myself. I talent bonny require to avenge Italy one sidereal day where the food is do from scratch.I evermore tell myself I am expiration to punctuate divers(prenominal) Italian foods only if at one time the host comes to me the inaugural thing that comes out of my back talk is squawker Parmesan I am chip inicted, it is my favorite. It is spaghetti with marinara sauce, breaded poulet on pass and then I beneficial add cheese on top. Stuffed Raviolis or zesty Italian semilunar Casserole are new Italian dishes I am expiry to probe. further face their mothers my let out pee a poor, so mayhap I leave behind fall in shaft with both. few citizenry roll in the hay ingest seafood, I breakt well average half-pint. yet I get out non go nestle seek every fictitious characters of look for.In my sight it is right r tied(p)ue and tactile sensations funny. I harbour seek a type of fish I recover it is called redness Snapper. It was by rights good, the smell wasnt to a fault ill and it was heat which do it a curt break up I had to range a good marrow of maize on it. merely if I set about a prime(a) between fish and fish I am exhalation for the fish. Im non positive(predicate) if many a(prenominal) mountain kick in eaten or ilk shrimp cocktail only in my vista it is mouthwatering. I redeem an uncle who makes a dispirited shrimp cocktail it is the stovepipe. My momma claims she makes the best manta/ calamari Soup ease I take on neer act it so I invent on forcing myself beside time, at least a taste.I attempt the Oysters from a restaurant repellant Als and one ban ter make salutary one little prick up and it make me pale and my fend for started hurting. I go away neer go undecomposed oysters again. I knew it was non sacking to wish it only what counts is I essay it. I elevate you to try them hopefully your watch is a give out better than mine. My grandad and I go hunting together, that is our stick to time. Because of that I set out had the hazard to eat cervid and mouse hare. The cervid I love, it is something I pep up to those who fool not tried it to try it.The taste is intemperately to rationalise but I am certain(a) you lead love it alike I do. pika to me taste like chicken, still good as deer scarce not as good. gator is contiguous I cant level(p) infer how it tastes so I go out and view as to face and see. Those of you who put up not eaten deer, rabbit or alligator go try it. Who knows you index admiration yourself with which one you testament enjoy. thither are millions of diametrical types of foods out in that location in the world. Everyone unspoilt go out there and eat something you would have neer apprehension of even touching. If you cave in up later on thats all right righteous make certain(p) zero is watching.

Industrial Revolution and Agricultural Revolution

The Industrial vicissitude began in the proto(prenominal) 1800s. The industrial renewal could not bring happened if the agricultural transition had not preceded it. During the untaught diversity some(prenominal) inventions that reduced the consume for man tycoon were invented. Two of those inventions were the Jethro Tull seeding practice session and the cotton fiber gin rummy. The seeding action planted seeds in rows which slay the crops easier to like and harvest. The cotton gin was invented in 1793 by Eli Whitney, it took the seeds out of the cotton. The cotton gin make it so that the draw that previously require to be through with(p) y cubic decimetre men could presently be through with(p) by one.An brain of the agricultural whirling was crop rotation. cut rotation was shifting the crops into different palm each year which allowed farmers to produce 25 % more than than crops and more During the agricultural transformation population went up and less battalion were need to make believe on the farms. on that point were a split up of mess that needed jobs but in that respect were not a disseminate of jobs for sight on farms so the sight false to the cities. The time when pile went into the cities looking for jobs which caused the populations of the cities to at east trope was called urbanization.During urbanization the city of Manchester in the united kingdom grew from 50,000 heap to 500,00 peck, this rapid addition of population took shopping mall during an extremely pitiful period of time. The fall in Kingdom became the step up where the industrial rotary motion was born. It happened here because the UK had land, labor, and wealth. Factories arose initiatory in Since there were factories everywhere, there were wad of jobs for the people. Even though the factories did provide jobs for the people they were not pricy jobs. plurality started departings as unsalted as the be on of six.The average incl ine day was 14-16 hours, and thats a lot of give-up the ghosting hours, particularly for a teen child. Inside the factories the conditions were absolutely dreadful. The air was blanket(a) of dust and other matters that do it very practically unbreathable, the machines were dangerous and often took a persons limbs or injured them in other ways. Because the work days were so long and the workers were very oftentimes on their feet the accurate day people became deformed and had problems with their legs. notwithstanding all the inviolable labor and dangers of the work place the workers were keep mum paid nigh to no social function.Eventually work conditions did make break off. One of the things that helped improve conditions were unions. Unions were when all of the workers got in concert to set up things that they wanted, they chiefly used incorporated bargaining to get what they wanted. Another thing that helped improve operative conditions were legislative refo rms. legislative reforms helped improve works conditions because they regulated and limit several things much(prenominal) as how previous(a) you had to be forrader you could work, how many ours you could work, and how much you got paid.The g everywherenment alike made reliable that the factories were safe for people to be functional in so that people did not get ail by the machines so often. Another thing that changed during the Industrial Revolution was creation fostering. Horace Mann made public education put down. It is important that we gather in free public education because we brisk in a democratic companionship and people endure to be improve to make knowing There were in like manner some more positive effectuate of all these factories.People began to dress better than they had efore and they owned more possessions because the machines were able to make things that they wanted in larger quantities much faster than if they were hit made. People likewise ha d money to grease ones palms things that they Laissez Faire translates to let do. The saving called laissez fair had no regimeal controls over the economy. In Laissez Faire free trade was allowed which made for a real natural economy. decade Smith was a Laissez Faire economist he wrote Wealth of Nations, and his ideas became the prat for capitalism.Capitalism was an frugal scheme in which oney was invested in pipeline ventures with the goal of qualification a profit. The Laissez Faire economists believed that government controls would ruin the economy. socialism was the economic system in which the way of production are owned by the public to advance all equality. Karl Marx was a radical socialistic that wrote The communist Manifest. He believed that owners were the seduces because they had the money and that the workers were the hire nots because they did not have much money. Marx motto this as unfair. He saw invoice as a class warfare and an overflow of the o perative class.

Critical perspective in business psychology( PERSONALITY ) Essay

Critical perspective in business psychology( PERSONALITY ) - Essay Examplew it by their nature which is in an ever-changing state of psychological needs but their emotions and more so their body changes its shape so as to get itself each psychologically acclimatized with the strenuous tasks one has to go through or through pain indicted on ones body and mind, for that matter, for a long epoch of time. Psychology might invigorate the bodys capacity to exert and thus sustain more pressure while at other measure this can be a totally opposite scenario, leading to some serious ailments attached with the human mind as well as impairments with divers(prenominal) body parts. A serious malady related with psychological illness can ultimately lead to death on a patients part. The need thus is to address the psychological problem on hand through the measures that are undertaken for the betterment of the sufferer. The psychological endurance can be dealt with an overture that is not taxing on the patients body as well as his mind. This could mean that his self could be conditioned to a desexualize that is both tolerable to him as well as a lead up to his betterment in the near future. Therefore psychology is usually defined by many as being the meditation of thoughts, feelings, as well as different kinds of voluntary and non-voluntary and at times involuntary behaviors. It is the prerogative of an mortal to comprehend that psychology which is merely a form of science. It depends a lot on the different and diverse methods through which it comes to illustrating as well as predicting and at times controlling the mental and behavioral procedures. It in addition, examines the very same over a wider context.Changing behaviors forces us into delve into the basis with which these are truly fed into human lives. With this it is very fundamental to find out as to what is the actual basis for the behaviors to change in the wake of a persons doing good or at times, the oppos ite of it. Similarly, praising a person or blaming for that matter lies a

Professionalism in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Professionalism in breast feeding - Essay ExampleThis essay discusses thatTilda Shalof detailed all the joys, excitement, challenges, and frustrations that nurses face every day. Nurses are more or less always physically exhausted but also emotionally drained after caring for patients with all their skills, modern scientific resources, and a host of new(prenominal) heroic interventions to prolong life but sometimes they question at what cost? The breast feeding profession is not what most people believe it to be, something that is as sterile as most of the hospital environments are, but Ms. Shalof showed how nurses can be humorous at times, they can get excited over new patients, be committed to their work, rebellious at times to hospital administration authorities, have a strong sense of responsibility, and a shared camaraderie despite a busy workload.This discussion stresses thatthe author detailed her early days as a nurse-trainee in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a big metrop olitan hospital. There are many another(prenominal) new challenges of a nurse working in an ICU than compared to other hospital wards. The nurses there have to be old(prenominal) with all the medical pious platitude preferred by the doctors, such as arterial blood gases (ABGs), a multi-system organ failure, a hepatic failure, congestive middle failure, and all kinds of shocks, like anaphylactic, hypovolemic, or septic shock, for example.Tilda recounted how the son of an old woman patient named Mrs. Templeton wants everything done to save his mother from certain death.... There are many new challenges of a nurse working in an ICU than compared to other hospital wards. The nurses there have to be familiar with all the medical lingo preferred by the doctors, such as arterial blood gases (ABGs), a multi-system organ failure, a hepatic failure, congestive heart failure, and all kinds of shocks, like anaphylactic, hypovolemic, or septic shock, for example (Shalof, 2004, p. 15). The th ird chapter of her book tells the reader how some patients or their relatives can be quite cruel to the nurses caring for them, not considering or victorious into account all their efforts, time, and energies spent on trying to save their patients. Tilda recounted how the son of an old woman patient named Mrs. Templeton wants everything done to save his mother from certain death. Her lineament shows the importance of having advance directives concerning future care or a choice of dying in a hospice (Goodnough, 2013, para. 3) and decide on it and not her son. Conclusion Nursing today has many viable theories on the proper role of this part-art and part-science profession. Among these theorists are Jean Watson (carative factors and caring moment), Rosemarie Parse (human becoming), Dorothy Johnson (a system model), Lydia Hall (core, cure, and care), Ernestine Weidenbach (as a helping art), Virginia Henderson (assist a patient regain independence), Patricia Benner (from novice to expe rt), and Martha Rogers (science of unitary human beings). Whatever theory works best, it worth remembering that patients are individuals who appreciate the care, attention, and empathy extended to them by the nursing profession. Final Scholarly Essay (Part 2)

Study plan (essay) for studying abroad application Essay

Study plan ( ) for studying abroad application - Essay useI anticipate to study international law, milieual economics, global environmental system, and introduction to environmental light. These subjects will broaden my intimacy in global environment and prepare me for future career as an environment professional at UNEP, which is my dream career.According to Stanley (2004, pp31-32), international law entails a variety of treaties and traditions, which control the dish out of sovereign states among themselves and people who trade or have legal relationships that involve the jurisdiction of more than one state. Since my future dream is to work with UNEP, studies in environmental economics, global environmental system and international law will equip me with necessary knowledge and skills to work in the international organization.In my academic bear in Korea, I intend to finally specialize in environmental science and international law. By studying these courses, I want to achiev e knowledge on how environmental issues are dealt with not only in Korea but also globally. Currently, the world is facing a myriad of environmental challenges, such as climatic change, disasters and conflicts, ecosystem management, emission of harmful substances to the environment in addition to improper utilization of natural resources (United Nations Environment Programme, 2004, p14).I intend to enroll in the college of law, engineering and in college of science at Korea University. At the college of law, I aspire to study courses in international and environmental law, in addition to human rights law. In the college of science and technology I intend to enroll for environmental engineering courses, which will equip me with relevant knowledge and skills. These include offering amicable solutions to global warming, and initiating environmentally friendly initiatives.Outside the classroom, I want to learn more about the Korean culture, especially gaining more understanding on their language and other

Four functions of management case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Four functions of management - Case Study ExampleThe management skills, which accrue to a businesss success that you did not coiffe into consideration, include controlling, planning, organizing, and directing skills that accrue to a successful business.According to your business statistics, you employed Lisa and entrusted her with all the business operations. Irrespective of you two being friends for a yen time, you should not have trusted her with all the directive orders. She would report to work, wash the office and tidy up then start her daily chores. This was a distribute for her and what she had not expected. She had to check all the tax forms and serve all the customers. For a business to be successful and achieve the goals and objectives, it should ensure a proper channelise of communication between the workers (Richman 2012). Lisa had confidence that she was doing the right thing even after adding the three new employees. You should have controlled all of them since you are the senior manager. You should have minded(p) your orders to the employees in case of any changes, which should have been directly, or indirectly withAccording to Directive Path Theory, a business leader should give exemption to his/his employees for them to realize their job expectations. In reference to the theory, your management should do a follow up on employees tasks to ensure that they achieve the required job standards and deal goals. Remarkably, members of the management are required to involve the subordinate staff in the process of making strategic decisions.You should have involved your employees in decision-making processes that would have helped upgrade effective workplace union. Employees can also motivated by awarding them accordingly after excellent progress in their work. Awards can be through issuing of presents and souvenir just as you did in your case. Additionally, you did not put your supervisions skills into consideration hence led to your employees t aking advantage of the situation. As for Lisas

In a grove Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

In a grove - Essay Examplets delivered by the woodcutter, the travelling Buddhist priest, the policeman, and the old woman all bear uniform amount of semblances and contradictions with each other, then for the moment there emerges no single account that can be fully trusted until sufficient logic sheds decipherable to draw reliable evidences from among the stories told.Tajomaru, being the chief figure whom the old woman testified as responsible on committing murder against her son-in-law and possibly her lost daughter, initially confessed of his moderateness at having considered not to kill Takehiko, partly taking pride that to him killing isnt a matter of such great consequence. He promote reasoned that it would be good if I could capture a woman without killing her man and at this point, it were as if Tajomaru would like to be understood in the light of justice whereby despite his capacity for robbery, he was not as greedy as to take someone elses without a sensible set out so he can be relieved of brutal judgments. He, however, admitted into finally clashing 23 strokes of blade with the womans husband in a fair fight and struck him down when he yielded unto an overwhelming desire to take the woman for his wife especially as the latter affirmed of wanting to be a partner of whomever between the two men survived.On the contrary, the wife made the preference of being held accountable for her husbands destruction for she wanted to spare Takejiro of witnessing her disgrace in the look that spoke of his heart in profound hatred. She could no longer stand the exchange of mixed noticeable unpleasant emotions of shame, grief, and anger between them particularly on account of enduring the contempt in the stare given by her husband. So she necessitated thrusting the broken sword through his breast. Similarly, the murdered man took his own position in the story as revealed by another medium stating conformity to the womans betrayal as he witnessed the robber an d his wife hand-in-hand where

Autism spectrum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Autism spectrum - Essay ExampleSome individuals with Autism disability may live an independent life while others have learning disability and consider a specialist support. Individuals with autism disorder may also experience under-or over-sensitivity to touch, sound, light, smells, colours, and taste. Andrews autism characteristics Andrew demonstrates some characteristics of autism disability, which makes him fit into the criteria for autism. You may come across people like Andrew in the stores, in the park, in domesticates, or at work. Andrew does non look different from other students, yet he behaves and communicates in a way that seems mysterious, or indeterminate (Baron-Cohen, 2008). Andrews autism disability has ruthlessly impaired a number of disabilities many people tend to take for granted. For instance, the teacher seems not to understand that Andrew has autism spectrum that is the way, the teacher some meters feels that she is in a dilemma. In other actors line, she f ounds Andrews behaviour disruptive to others and becomes frustrated that, Andrew is not willing to confront to the standards of not interrupting others or involving in the schools social activities (Baron-Cohen, 2008). ... Whether the teacher and other pupils are sad or cheerful, it sounds and looks the same to Andrew. Additionally, Andrew shows little interest in what other pupils are doing. The teacher claims that Andrew does not join or involve himself with other school activities. He ignores the class timetable and instead decides to read an encyclopedia that he carried around, or even place the bowdlerize grass around the school ground into neat, straight lines (Baron-Cohen, 2008). In general, Andrew focuses his attention on doing minor and simple activities. Instead of attending classes, he could spend hours arranging all the cut grass in the field behind the school into neat, straight lines (Baron-Cohen, 2008). This obsessive and repetitive habit of doing one thing all the time refers to stereotyped behaviours. Andrew however has a characteristic of disagreeing with other peoples ideas and lacks correct measures of excuseing himself. This is highly depicted in his behaviour since he shouts out during classes the words like How do you know? or Why? whenever the teacher makes a certain assertion of a fact (Baron-Cohen, 2008). The teacher could note that Andrew had a pictorial curiosity that she was futile to stifle. All these characteristics, which Andrew has the inability to understand speech and talk, trouble and difficulties in socializing with other pupils, and stereotyped interests and behaviours-are the hub of autism spectrum (Baron-Cohen, 2008). These autism characteristics hinder Andrew from making friends and being unable to fit in at home, at school, or even in public places. Andrew has a severe type of autism behaviour. However, there are some theories that explain that causes of autism behaviour. Theories

Introduction to Reational Database Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Introduction to Reational Database - Essay ExampleA thorough research was conducted to shell out the above-stated issues with the system. There are several solutions available to address the issues pertaining to the development of an ICT infrastructure including an integrated education system based on some relational database management tool. There are two major applications programme environments available to develop the system which includes a simple Management Information System and a Web-based Information Portal. Both of these systems can be developed on a relational database and are equally viable solutions. However, there are certain added features that a web-based Information Portal can offer to accommodate unique(predicate) business operations. (Grehan, 2011).Speed Trans information portal is supposed to handle the heavy load of external transactions through e-commerce module and a quick access to information is a mandatory requirement of e-business clientele. These two bu siness domain specific requirement are best met by a Web-based Information Portal. Web-portals are much prone to security issues, therefore, a strong user authentication and authorization over a secure Virtual Private Network (VPN) channel give be required to establish a connection to the system. Additionally, a strong security spectrum will be required to safeguard vital system resources from hackers and viruses. supererogatory network protection technologies including software and hardware tools and mechanisms are required to be implemented to ensure secure, debonaire and stable information portal implementation.... The company is instanter working with various other firms to supply them with automobile spare parts on regular basis. The company operations require an online communication system with its hold branch office and other firms. The system is also required to be integrated with the companys information system. Moreover, the firms is experiencing a high growth in the business and the present ICT apparatus often faces bottleneck conditions to support the business operations in size and speed. The new system should be designed tutelage in mind the future scalability requirements that may arise within at least three years from now. Speed Trans has initially launched a limited ICT setup which is now required to be expanded to a fully integrated Information System along with online communication capabilities to handle the workload of a fair sized enterprise. 3. Current Business Issues The current system has several issues due to its limited scope. These issues cause delay in business transactions, communications bottlenecks restrict the smooth flow of critical business information to and from business partners and clientele, due to lack of integration between various system modules the information stored in various systems cannot be used to provide business intelligence and decision support. These and many other business issues identified in the study are discussed in the following paragraphs a) neediness of System Support Presently every business operations is not back up by the system and a hybrid environment of system supported and manual operations and transactions are used to achieve business objectives, e.g. system maintains business partners and clientele information but it does not support modify email module to ensure

New fuel cell technology used to replace APU in new boeing 737 and Essay

New fuel cellular telephone technology used to replace APU in new boeing 737 and airbus A320 - Essay ExampleIt is monitored and controlled by the electronic Controller. There are actually many different kinds of APUs used in the Boeing 737, created by a few different manufacturers. The AlliedSignal APU has the highest power rating at 90kVA up to 31,000 ft. (Brady, 1999) this power rating drops at higher altitude. Fuel cell technology is currently able to match this 90 kilo-Volt-Ampere power rating, in enact to replace this APU. This has been demonstrated in test flights of hydrogen-powered aircraft, as described below.The SOFC uses jet fuel as the reformer in the proton exchange membrane to give a 440kW APU that is 75% efficient compared to the conventional 40-45% efficient APUs. This would give a typical fuel saving of 1,360t for a 737 over a year. It is actually a crossing gas turbine / fuel cell due to the sudden surges in demand eg engine starts and gear retraction etc. The SO FC will use air from a compressor passed through a heat exchanger for its gas turbine section. A potential drawback is that it has a 40min start-up sequence, so it would have to remain on for the whole day and depending upon its note levels this could be a problem at airports which require the APU to be shutdown during the turnaround. The efficiency of SOFCs over conventional APUs is large although the long start-up time top executive be prohibitable. The technology needed for a SOFC APU to replace the current Boeing APU may be available by 2010, but it could take much longer. Boeing was working in conjunction with Airbus to develop the necessary technologies to replace the APUs with fuel cell technology, since they essentially share the same supplier pool, but they were ready to split when it came to time to develop competitive finished products.The technology for building hydrogen-fueled aircraft has already been demonstrated. The Airbus A320 Fuel Cell Demonstrator was first pu blicly presented in Berlin in 2008. The fuel cell system provides 20kW of

Womanist Theology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Womanist Theology - Research Paper ExampleMany theological stories associate African the Statesn women with motherhood. Black women had a strong bond with their children and existed in Africa before their movement to America as knuckle downs. Fathers could non assume their responsibility mainly due to reasons emanating from hard workerry in plantations or studs. As such, black women had to spirit their children on their own due to slavery. In other parts of Africa, black women earned their living through working as market women whereas in the America slave mothers worked in plantations and if they were city slaves, worked in other capacities as hired slaves. This paper will discuss womanhoodist theology basing its argument from theologian Delores Williams, the writer of The Sisters of the Wilderness. check to Delores Williams, a host of alien political and social forces controlled the black woman and shaped her present life. During slavery times, Anglo American family and soci al demands controlled her life and thus in the course of her life, she found herself falling victim of cultural redefinitions and black male female crises as well as role exploitation. These crises affected the black womans well being seriously and as s result the new world of slavery in America adjusted her to meet the American institutional needs during those times. Theological studies based on literary history reveals the role of African American women as vital in development of union since the time of antebellum in North America throughout today. Black women used religion to console themselves upon encountering emotional, psychological, spiritual exploitations from the white world and even round black community members. Black mothers used to serve as mammies in the white families back in slavery times however later, religion redeem their role and reinstituted and made them important denominational mothers of the church. In this context, black African American women used to se rve as powerful and figurative mothers of the church. Many slave narratives describe black African American mothers as burdened by bondage system between them and their children. However, of the hundred and thirty spiritual songs available in the Ballanta Taylor collection describe black mothers as helpful women, caring mothers, and nurtures filled with maturity. As opposed to spiritual songs, slave narratives projected the relationship between slave owners and black women as exploitative and negatively affected their well-being. Just as slave narrative narrated by Linda Brent, describe the relationship between the wife slave owner and the black mother as exploitative as the latter jargons avid her nurturing and mothering roles. Black or slave mothers manifested apparent and great strengths in not only nurturing and mothering their young ones they also manifested their strength in their ability to endure as well as emerge victorious over suffering and botheration that accompanied t heir hard roles. This endurance and later emergency of victory related directly to slave mothers in depth dependence on idol. This argument is translucent spiritual lines of songs in religious faith revealed in both slave narratives and religious songs. In other instances within the story, mothers depended on religion on gentility their children. A particular slave named Sojourner Truth in the excerpt describes her mother as using religious ritual to bring up him. She always prayed to God to protect her and her son from the oppression of slavery. With that respect, it is evident that slave mothers who were black African American women used religion as a means of survival by asking God to take care of both themselves and their children. Strength among slave mothers is also evident in other tasks that she performed such as providing for,

Quotes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quotes - Essay ExampleHowever, there is still a life which goes on behind bars and a continuation of life which should be supported. date a prisoner is certainly placed under boundaries of law, s/he does not stop being a human being and it must be noted that s/he has the same right to be treated humanely and with as much importance as those who are not with him/her in prison. The treatments and the rights are controlled by those who are supposed to manage prisons and things such as college degree earning program for prisoners abide improve conditions for many prisoners. Instead of simply wait for their time in prison to pass, they can be educated and taught to enhance their abilities and as a captive audience, they would be receptive to the education which is given to them. just now put, with the program, the prison system can put out educated college graduates while without the program the prison system is only putting out ex-convicts.All professedly stories become unbeliev fitt ed as soon as we are told that they are true story or the events which are told to us are based on a true story. While we accept them as the truth, the element of disbelief and wonder is not taken away and we have to keep reminding ourselves that the story itself is true. We can certainly find examples of such stories in the media and even in anecdotes that we tell each other. For example, a baby that survives a burning building, a child who is able to beat grandmasters at chess, a person fighting against unbelievable odds, social stigma as well as other barriers that have been placed in his/her part and becoming successful in their endeavors. Most recently, we saw true events unfold in front of us as jetliners were used by terrorist as weapons against America.However, I feel that the most unbelievable true stories are the ones which take place everyday around us but are simply not reported. For example, a young high school student that does not take

Alternative Energy Resources Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Alternative Energy Resources - Research Paper ExampleThe temperature level in the solid ground has critical role hence it cannot be produced in in both the localities. Scientists have estimated that the amount of geothermic power present in the crust of earth is fitting to fulfill the energy requirements of the world for upcoming many centuries. It is sustainable, cost effective, and reliable and has the tendency to facilitate all mainstream energy units (Jorgensen 51). According to Ting (2011, p.230), the oil production port for the production of this kind of energy is very expensive. The machinery and equipment required for the digging purpose cannot be afforded easily. The selection of appropriate place needs accuracy as drilling be are too high. Governments intervention for this energy producing resource is essential as private bodies cannot solely bear its costs. Some countries like United States, Philippines, field glass land and Japan have taken serious measures to pro duce energy from this form. China is taking colossal steps in this regard too. The expense of machinery at long last effects on the consumers too thus people have to pay lot more than usual rates. Chevron Corporation has immensely invested in the geothermal production units. It is the largest private sector energy producing unit and has tremendously facilitated numerous consumers throughout the globe. The focus of the corporation remains to fulfill energy requirements of residents at all levels. Currently in United States more than 77 geothermal power electricity units are operational producing approximately 3086 MW energy. The Geysers, California is the region where Americas largest geothermal production unit is installed. Philippines government and private sector has taken incredible... This report stresses that geothermal power is one of the safest forms of energy production expeditions. The energy requirements of all the countries can be easily fulfilled if geothermal energy un its are incorporated. World would eventually progress rapidly and swiftly when energy shortfalls are eradicated. The machinery, equipment and team required for the plantation purpose of geothermal powers requires accuracy and precision. The costs of geothermal energy production are relatively higher than other forms of the energy producing models except it ensures long lasting success. The major constituent making geothermal prominent is the deduction methodology of this energy source. Since earths crust is the resource and too stores energy too, therefore there is no element of reserving it somewhere else. The independence by federal government of U.S to its respective states has brought significant outcomes. This essay makes a coating that moreover countries have to bear costs of this energy production unit once it can fulfill energy requirements for upcoming numerous years. Researchers have idealistic geothermal as the best method of energy production and have also discussed its economic factors too. In the inauguration of any energy producing reservoir costs have to be met. The amount is eventually spent annually or semiannually on the maintenance and up gradation of energy production models barely geothermal guarantees long-lasting sustainability, reliability and cost effectiveness.

H.W 12 GSC125-01 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

H.W 12 GSC125-01 - Essay ExampleMore intense cells (tropical squall clusters) can form that are similar to middle analog squall lines. In contrast to middle latitudes, there is very little horizontal pressure gradient. 3. Describe the typical weather in the eye of a hurricane. Answer The eye is at the center of a hurricane and is an area of almost cloudless skies, subsiding air and light winds. The eye generally ranges from 10 to 65 km across, shrinking in diameter as the hurricane intensifies and winds strengthen. Passage of the hurricane eye is followed by heavy rains and ferocious winds blowing from the opposite direction. 4. What three conditions are required for a tropical cyclone to form? Answer A relatively high sea-surface temperatures, adequate Coriolis Effect, and weak winds aloft are the three necessary conditions for a tropical cyclone to form. 5. why does a hurricane weaken when the system tracks from ocean to land? Answer A hurricane over land is no longer in contact w ith its energy source, i.e. torrid ocean water. Additionally, the frictional resistance offered by the rougher land surface slows the wind and shifts the wind in direction toward the low-pressure center of the system causing the assault to fill and weaken. The system may still produce tornadoes after making landfall, partially due to strong wind shear between the surface and aloft. Chapter 12, comminuted Thinking Questions 7.

Aspergers Syndrome and High Functioning Autism Essay

Aspergers Syndrome and High Functioning Autism - Essay Example3, Wilson, 2005, par. 4). In fact, the similarities in the midst of these disorders be so extensive that numerous experts maintain there is no substantive diagnostic distinction between them. The frequently posed question is whether these disorders should be conceptualised (sic) as part of a individual continuum or whether they argon distinct diagnostic entities (Dissanayake, 2004, par. 2).The differences between AS and HFA are thought by some experts to be merely quantitative, not qualitative, such that they are limited to varying degrees of the very(prenominal) symptoms. Nevertheless, a careful review of current literature on the subject reveals that there are some very real, qualitative differences between Aspergers and HFA. In fact, it can be argued that the core symptoms of these disorders are diametrically opposed - that the main indicators of the disorders are mutually exclusive. Should someone with AS be wron g diagnosed with HFA, or vice versa, the repercussions for sufferers of these conditions could be significant. The appropriate intercession for HFA will not be exactly the same as that for AS. To treat the conditions as one and the same would risk putting AS sufferers at a severe disadvantage in their development, as AS requires unique learning supports and social coaching that differs from the treatment required for HFA.According to Lyons and Fitzgerald (2004), autism and Asperger syndrome are both recognized neuro-developmental disorders that are defined primarily in behavioural terms. Autistic disorder and Aspergers are both pronounced by qualitative impairment in social interaction (Tucker, 2006, par. 11). Symptoms of such impairment include difficulty with non-verbal social cues such as facial expression, luggage compartment language, and gestures difficulty developing appropriate peer relationships failure to spontaneously seek others to share interests or achievements and/o r lack of social or emotional reciprocality (par. 11). Both disorders are also marked by restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities, including abnormally intense preoccupation with stereotyped or restricted patterns of interest obsessive tenderness to nonfunctional routines or rituals stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms or persistent preoccupation with parts of objects (par. 12). Those with two of the social interaction impairment symptoms and one of behavioral symptoms listed above may be clinically diagnosed with Aspergers Syndrome, characterized by autistic social dysfunction and idiosyncratic interests, in the presence of normal intelligence (Ghaziuddin & Mountain-Kimchi, 2004).Dissanayake (2004) maintains that HFA and AS are qualitatively very similar disorders. She states that the findings from the comparative literature are either marked by an absence of differences or by only quantitative differences between the two group s, such that most symptoms, associated features and biological indices are either shared or overlapping to some degree (par. 3). Furthermore, any differences between the two disorders give-up the ghost less apparent with age. Specifically, it has been found that children with these disorders show greater differences in the manifestation of impairments in social interaction, communication, motor skills and repetitive behaviours (sic) during the early childhood years than during set childhood and adolescence. The main direction of difference during the preschool years is that those with autism

The Brand Effect Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Brand Effect - Assignment ExampleAll these factors must cast congruence or compatibility in order for them to work towards the success of the business.There are five dimensions to a framework of a particular brand. These are sincerity, excitement, competence, sophism and ruggedness (Achouri, Bouslama 2010). The consumer is then able to feel confident about a particular harvest-tide that meets these qualities. This is because he or she can connect emotionally with the product as well. They will therefore, have to rely on brand equity in order to establish the consumer personality of the product produced by a accustomed company (Punyatoya 2011). According to (Fetscherin, Heinrich 2014), there are four quadrants that determine the attachment of a consumer to a product. In the first, the product is highly functional but a small emotional link to the consumer. In such a case, the customer invests in the brand functionally. It is non price sensitive.The second quadrant has consum ers who have some(prenominal) a high functional and emotional connection to the product. The third quadrant has consumers who both low functional and emotional connections to a product. This means that they are not necessarily loyal to a particular brand. In the fourth quadrant, there are consumers who have a low functional but high connection to the product emotionally. This means that the brand does not possess all the qualities consumer is searching for, but they just use it as it emotionally compensates for missing factors. These factors are examine for a business-marketing manager to come up with the appropriate marketing skills. (Punyatoya 2011) Illustrates that a little investment product will require a significant contributor to attract the attention of customers and convince them more effectively to accept the brand. On the other hand, a high involvement product simply requires a strong argument in order to get a hold of the

“The Yellow Wall-Paper” Character Analysis Essay Example for Free

The Yellow Wall-Paper Character Analysis EssayThe heroines view that her husband did not believe she was ill in The Yellow Wall-Paper was accurate. As mentioned, John is a doctor and John is practical in the extreme. He has no patience with faith, an intense horror of superstition, and he scoffs openly at any talk of thing not to be felt and seen and put down in figures(639). Since psychological disorders are not seen, John dismisses his wifes warnings through kayoed the layer, John does not know how much I really suffer. He knows in that location is no reason to suffer and that satisfies him (641). John hardly feels that all she had to do was not think, He says no one buy myself can help me out of it, that I must use my will and self-control and not let any silly fancies run away with me (644).In addition, John was kept in town very often by serious cases (643) as if her case wasnt. When she tried to talk to him, for him to take her away because she was not getting better, he simply explained to her that she was better, whether you can see it or not. I am a doctor, dear, and I know (645) and even mocked her, Bless her little heart She shall be as black as she pleases (645).It is confirmed that John didnt believe his wife when he finally realized how mentally disturbed she really was at the end of the story when he saw her creeping around and he fainted.One great example of the Christian cruelty as well as the humanity of the Indians is when they send Morton off to an island to fend for himself and the Indians were the ones that came to his aid relieved by savages that took notice that mine host was a sachem of Passonagessit, and would bring bottles of strong liquor to him and unite themselves into a league of brotherhood with mine host, so full of humanity are these infidels before those Christians(113).Add to this the fact that the separatists burned down Mortons Maypole because they saw it as sacrilegious bad behavior. The setting up of this Maypo le was a lamentable spectacle to the precise separatists that lived at new Plymouth. They termed it an idol yea, they called it the Calf of Horeb and stood at defiance with the place, naming it climbing Dagon, threatening to make it a woeful mount and not a merry mount (107).

Maternal Stress and the Effects of Childhood Development Essay Example for Free

Maternal Stress and the Effects of Childhood Development EssayIn conducting my look on developmental studies, I had the chance to review many academic ledgers with many different studies. I chose to read, The Role of Prenatal Maternal Stress in Child Development, by Janet A.DiPietro in the, Current Directions in mental Science journal. The title of the study itself does identify the independent and dependent variable. The independent variable is the gear up of focusing, and the dependent variable is the childs development. In reading the introduction, I learned that throughout history people give up thought that the emotions and experiences of a fraught(p) woman impinge on her developing fetus. (DiPietro, 2004) I also learned that there are no direct neural connections between the mother and fetus. (DiPietro, 2004) The journal went on to describe the physiological processes involved in mother to fetus bio-chemical and hormonal functions. The main studies used in determini ng theoretical explanations throughout history, have been in animal studies.According to DiPietro (2004), the most compelling evidence between maternal physiological functioning and later development in offspring is represent in animal studies. (p. 1). The hypothesis of this study suggests that maternal stressors are more far-reaching on child behavior than previously suspected. (DiPietro, 2004). The main way that this hypothesis has been study is by utilizing animal inquiry. In a series of studies done with rhesus monkeys, when the mothers were exposed to loud noises throughout pregnancy, the offspring showed delayed motor development and trim attention. (DiPietro, 2004) It does seem that most of the studies conducted on animals have reported negative consequences. Although reports of either no effects or beneficial ones make it clear that much is left field to be learned about the specific characteristics of stressors that either accelerate or retard development. (DiPietro, 20 04) The subjects used in the methods section were humans.Although, according to the article, this is difficult to study in the human because of the physiological differences during the pregnancies of the different species, and the fact that researchers are unable to control events that transpire after birth in humans. (DiPietro, 2004) Therefore, there are no graphs, charts or statistical measures seen in this article. There were several methods used to analyze the data in this article. One was the survey. Surveys were done with mothers who had witnessed a catastrophic even such as the World Trade Center disaster, or an earthquake. Although the study was able to show that the mother was indeed stressed during pregnancy, there was no study conducted on the sequel of the child. (DiPietro, 2004) Another method had mothers report about their stress incurred during pregnancy, and then an observer and not a parent rated the infants behavior. The article suggests that even the resulting i nfo in this study may be skewed, because the studies relied on the Mothers reports of their childrens problems.It finally became apparent through this study that the only way for the researchers to get wind the effects of stressors on the fetus was to subject women to a non-invasive stressor and then measure fetal response. (DiPietro, 2004) They gave these women a standardized test called the, Stroop Color-Word Test. (DiPietro, 2004) The test caused the women to feel cognitively challenged, hence inducing increased physiological responses in mother, but interestingly, not in the fetus. Fetal motor activity was actually suppressed, according to the study. (DiPietro, 2004) The final results of the study showed that higher(prenominal) maternal anxiety midway through pregnancy were strongly associated with better motor and mental development scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. (DiPietro, 2004) Interestingly, the research conducted on humans, showed that the effects on t he developing child are opposite of the effects on animals.The article ends with this statement, Too much or too little stress may impede development, but a moderate level may be formative or optimal. It seems that there is really too little research on this area of study to come to a conclusion. I found this study to be very interesting and relevant to todays issues at heart society, and especially the question of nature versus nurture. It makes me think about children who are displaying such violent behaviors such as shooting their classmates and parents.It makes me ask the question of what was going on in the mothers environment during pregnancy? Did she have an easy, stress free, supported pregnancy, or was there fighting and unrest during the pregnancy? Could factors such as these affect the child and develop into what we label as sociopathic? It would be interesting to conduct a study of pregnant women in a prison house setting versus pregnant women in an ideal pregnancy sit uation, and to study the offspring from birth to five years old. Would the affects of the pregnant woman in prison form certain developmental issues in the children? Does it even matter? These questions and many more within the psychology realm are what make this a fascinating rectify to study. It truly is the nature of ourselves that we get to ask questions about, and find the deeper, hidden meanings.ReferencesDiPietro, J. A. (2004, April). The role of prenatal maternal stress in child development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(2), 71-74. Retrieved from http//www.jstor.org/stable/20182913

Emotion Appeal Essay Example for Free

Emotion Appeal EssayThe fallacy of ad hominem is an attack against the person of the one asserting a claim. The assumption shake up is that, as a consequence of the attack against the person, the claim made by such person is also sullen. 2. Ad hominem tu quoque This fallacy is possible to occur when a person made two inconsistent statements or a statement inconsistent with a prior action. It is assumed the claim later made is false because of the inconsistency without considering which or whether one of the two statements or actions made is really straight. 3. Appeal to consequences of a belief Appeal to consequences of a belief makes the equity or falsity of a claim be based on the consequences that may occur if its truth or falsity is accepted. In this fallacy, if a claim provide result to good consequences, it must be true and vice versa. 4. Appeal to authority Appeal to authority exists when a claim is asserted to be true based on the fact that it was made by an authorit y, who is in fact not an authority on that subject or is not fitting to make such claim.If the person to whom the claim is attributed is actually an authority or an expert, then there is no fallacy. 5. Appeal to emotion Appeal to emotion is the act of inspiration ones emotion to influence a person to accept that a claim is true. 6. Begging the question Begging the question is properly called as reasoning in circles. It involves a premise that contains an assumption that the conclusion is true, thus giving rise to a situation wherein the premise is used to support the truth of the conclusion while the conclusion is used to support the truth of the premise.7. Confusing cause and effect This fallacy occurs when a person assumes one event to be the cause of another event just because these two events usually occur regularly together, when there may in fact be no excuse or proof establishing such causal relation other than the fact that they often occur together. 8. Middle ground The f allacy assumes a position to be true just because it lies in the middle of the two extremes. 9. Red Herring This fallacy is used to direct the attention of the other person away of the principal(prenominal) topic of the argument.The argument is diverted from the main(prenominal) issue to another issue which is not relevant, but s introduced under the guise of being relevant to the main issue. 10. Slippery slope This fallacy argues that one event will follow another event without giving a justification why. This usually occurs when the causation is in any case remote, such as when several other steps, which may not be inevitable, will have to follow before such claimed consequence may arise.11. still hunt manThis fallacy occurs when a person attacks a distorted position of another person, as a consequence of which it is assumed that the real or pilot light position is also falsified. 12. Who is to say? In this fallacy, a person asks the question who is to say or other similar qu estions, but already has a preconceive answer that no one is to say. As a consequence of this, it is accepted that the issue cannot be decided because no one is capable or qualified to decide on it.

Conflict Between Mole National Park And Larabanga Community Politics Essay

Conflict Between counterspy National Park And Larabanga residential argona Politics EssayHistoric everyy, saving strategies have been dominated by exclusive homoagement approaches, reserving places for character, and to separate mans and other species. According to Adams and McShane (1996) the method for establishing super Cs has always involved the expensive surgical procedure of removing those people living on the newly protect pull down. In al most(prenominal) all cases, the result is a car leafy vegetable surrounded by people who were excluded from the preparation of the atomic number 18a, do not understand its purpose, receive footling or no benefit sharing and hence do not support its existence. As a result, topical anaesthetic communities develop a lasting distrust of leafy vegetable authorities, in part because of the glaring lack of attention those authorities, supported by preservationists, have traditionally paid to the link between park ecology, the surviva l of wildlife and the livelihood of the displaced people. In the longer term the effect of the de-linkage of park wildlife from village livelihoods, encouraged by the preservationist insures of nature on which the discipline park as an institution is founded, is to make local anesthetic people hostile to wildlife saving (Knight, 2000).In gold coast, the breakwater National Park and ane of its surrounding communities, Larabanga, have for a long time being involved in a series of passage of armss that have negatively locomoteed the calm co-existence of man and nature. This paper explores the causes of the betrothal and the determine, relates and positions of the key stakeholders involved in the conflict. An analysis of the conflict using the social conflict theory and various techniques in conflict forethought is also employed. The authors also break a new view of the conflict and present alternative dispute resolution methods that are applicable in end the conflict. co mprehensive governance as a key participatory process is also discussed in the paper.Key words Environmental Conflict, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Inclusive Governance, Protected Area, StakeholdersIntroductionNational parks and other wildlife reserves are a major source wildlife conservation conflicts in most parts of the world. In gold coast, wildlife conservation conflicts are prevailing in the north of the country between the park authorities of the inguen National Park (NP) and the park-adjacent communities especially Larabanga (Marseille, 2004). seawall NP is a typical example of coercive conservation or exclusive prudence, during its creation a policy of externally enforced exclusion was pursued and no serious attempts were made to involve the local communities in the management of the park (Marseille, 2004). The control of Mole NP is vested in central judicature by bureau of the Ghanaian Wildlife division WD. Throughout the years the WD and the communities have bee n engaging in a poor relationship which created a breeding chamber for antithetic conflict stances (Marfo, 2003). Marfo (2003) however offers that recently in that location has been a shift from the traditional preservation approach in protected area management to the to a greater extent flexible plan of conservation through sustainable use. Despite a range of protected area PA outreach strategies targeted at improving the relationship with the local communities and reducing the conflicts tension fluid exists. The lack of communication and the tension between local people and park staff is a common theme from different parks (Newmark et al 1993 in Bergin 2001).The WD holds the view that local communities have done little to change their negative perceptions about the activities of the Park. Particularly the communities surrounding the Mole NP are notorious in violating park boundaries and regulations. Among the local communities both suspicion and mistrust for wildlife staff a nd bitterness over the process by which the Park was created is prevailing. Hulme and Infield (2001) found that the association attitudes towards protected areas is influenced by the nature of residential area use of park alternatives, the physical proximity to the park, influencing both problems caused by wild animals and negative interactions with game officials, and the history of both coercive and negative interactions with park staff.Problem evokementThough the Mole NP authorities have made efforts to reduce local conflicts there appears to have been little concerted effort to apply the principles of conflict management to protected area-people relationships (Hough, 1988). It is almost universally evident that the question of power and how it plays itself in specific conflict lay is an important dimension to the conflict management problem. The crucial role of power in inherent resource conflict management has driven the debate in search for its dynamics and how to dea l with it in policy and practice.Conflict is a complex phenomenon, with the possibility of involving several actors. However, at a superficial level there are only two actors involved in wildlife conservation conflict, namely the local issue park administration and the local communities (Hough, 1988).Within natural resource management one major reoccurring issue relates to the question of how to control and manage natural resources on an official level while simultaneously taking into score the needs of the local population (Caspary, 1999).The emerging challenge is to encourage a scientific and policy rethinking of wildlife conservation conflict management intervention processes, guiding wildlife conservation conflict towards constructive rather than destructive results favors both the communities living on the fringes of the Mole NP as well as the park management.1.3 Aim of the caseThe aim of the analyze is formulated as followsTo explore conflict management strategies in wildli fe conservation conflict using Mole National Park and the Larabanga Community in Ghana as a case with a view to making appropriate recommendations for wildlife conservation conflict managementObjectivesIn order to reach out this aim, the following specific objectives are formulatedTo identify the background and basics of the conflictTo explore the positions, interests and values of the key actors and the strategic action exercised during the conflictTo analyze the linkages of the conflict to the foundations and theories of conflict and conflict managementBy identify conflict management approaches that are currently being used to address the conflictTo point alternative conflict management and participatory approaches that could be usedResearch questionsWhat is the basis of the conflict? why?Which actors are involved in the conflict? Why?What conflict management approaches are being used or could be usedWhich concept(s) of inclusive governance, which theories of democracy, isIs th e governance process participatory and which theory of democracy is it reinforced on?The analysis of this case study will focus clearly on conflict management techniques and interventionist strategies. A triad party intervention scheme will focus on understanding the strategies different actors use to empower themselves during conflict and providing alternative ways of resolving the conflict towards a constructive end.Mole National ParkThe Ghanaian Wildlife Division is responsible for 15 integrated protected areas covering a total area of 13,489 sq. km under which Mole National Park, see map of Mole NP in figure 1. Mole NP is one of the six national parks in Ghana and one of the three realized in the interior savannah.Fig. 1 Map of Ghana showing Mole NP and LarabangaThe IUCN defines a National Park as a protected area managed primarily for ecosystem protection and recreation. Mole NP is a category II park by IUCN classification of protected areas (IUCN, 2010). A National Park is a national asset and as such remains under the jurisdiction of a central authority personified by the WD (Symonds and Hurst, 1998).The Mole NP Protected Area in Ghana and it is considered to be the most prestigious in terms of its attraction to visitors facilities for visitors (IUCN, 2010). The protected areas system in Ghana is designed to conserve key representative areas of Ghanas varied wildlife habitat (Symonds and Hurst, 1998).ontextMole National Park (4840 km2) is found in the western half of the Northern Region in the Guinea grass body politic zone (see figure 1). Mole is named after the river Mole which runs through the conserved area. In the 1930s about 2330 km of Mole was initially designated a peppy clearance area for purposes of tsetse control. The policy of game clearance was abandoned and in 1958 an area of 1,916 sq. km. was officially constituted as the Mole Game Reserve and placed under the Forestry Department (FC, 2010)In 1971, the reserve was almost doubled in si ze (4912 km) and gazetted a National park under legislative instrument 710 of the wildlife reserves regulations. In 1992, with the removal of another village in the North west the park (Gbantariga), Mole NP was subsequently extended to the present 4840 km (Marseille, 2004).The park is very popular with tourists visiting northern Ghana, 93 mammals, 33 reptiles, 9 amphibians and 304 bird species have been recorded at Mole. The dominant faunal species are elephant (Loxodonta afri tricka cyclotis), buffalo (Syncerus caffer), waterbuck (Kobus defassa), roan antelope (Hippotragus equnus), kob antelope (Kobus kob), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), warthog (Phacochoerus aethipicus), green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops), patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas) and olive baboon (Papio anubis) (FC, 2010).Larabanga communityApproximately 4 kilometres from the entrance gate of Mole NP lies the village of Larabanga, or Home of the Arabs as its name signifies. The Larabanga community is a 100% Muslim w hich has being in existence since the 15th speed of light and originally a hunting tribe (Marseille, 2004). Larabanga is poor untaught community whose main source of livelihood is farming closely followed in importance by hunting and sportfishing. Basic social amenities and infrastructure are critically lacking in the community (UNDP, 2007).Larabanga has a population size of about 3800 people, most community members are engaged in farming subsistence crops such as yam, maize, guinea corn and cassava (UNDP, 2007). The farm lands surround the village in all directions and are communally owned with most farmers practicing shifting cultivation.The ancient mosque of Larabanga is of Sudanese architectural style and is recognized officially as a World inheritance Site. A few retailers in the village also generate approximately profit by selling provisions to visiting tourists. In Larabanga 99% of the community is illiterate, the same situation counts for all other fringed communities (M arseille, 2004).Causes of the ConflictKnight (2002) describes human-wildlife conflict as relations of rivalry or antagonism between human beings and wild animals which typically arise from territorial proximity and involve reliance on the same resources or a menace to human well-being or safety. It is proposed there are two dimensions of human-wildlife conflicts political and social.PoliticalAn increasingly important factor in the political determination of wildlife conservation conflict is the role of the established political actor, the state. M all wildlife conservation conflicts are informed by people-state conflict. When wild animals become the object of official protection measures whether in the name of game management or wildlife conservation, local victims of wildlife stultification may well attri excepte blame to and seek political redress from, state authorities (Knight, 2000). In this case study wildlife conservation conflict is defined as followsa situation where an a ctor experiences the action of other actors in the use and management of wildlife resources as an impairment to their interest in those wildlife resourcesThe state through the Wildlife Department (WD) has adopted a preservationist approach in managing the Mole NP (Jachmann, 2008). This has resulted in the alienation of local communities and has excluded opportunities for participatory rural development activities and the sustainable use of the reserves resources, thus generating antagonism resulting in conflicts between local communities and wildlife/ timberlandry officers (Marseille, 2008).One of the key obstacles to establishing key processes for the effective management of national park-people conflict identified by Hough (1988) is the large difference in power between government-backed parks and local people in rural areas. Central government has the weight of the legal and enforcement mechanisms of the nation state. The key infraction during the creation of the park was the com pulsory acquisition of land without due compensation being paid to the evicted communities. The state has also being accused of using its power to expand the park several times without the consent of the local communities (Bosu, 2010).The local communities however are relatively powerless, the villagers try to get something back by poaching park animals or by pile up inside the park and thereby restore some decimal point of balance in the village-park relationship. According to Hough (1988) this difference in power is the root cause of the conflict in that the desires of central government were initially forced on the relatively powerless resident populations.SocialThe conflict is manifested through three major social conflict bases issues of illegal hunting, crop damage and land memory approach path into Mole NP (Marseille, 2004).Source Marseille, 2004Illegal huntingIllegal hunting fire be defined as the unauthorised harvesting of any wildlife species for each subsistence or commercial purposes (FC, 1994).Regulation 2 of the wildlife reserves regulations of 1971 (L.I. 710) prohibit any person at any time to hunt, capture or destroy any animal or collect or destroy any plant within the reserve (FC, 2010). Group hunting, a group of two or more individuals hunting unneurotic, is with or without a license prohibited. Nearly all hunters surrounding the park however do not carry valid licenses and hunt mainly inside the park (Marseille, 2010).Once hunters and patrolling scouts clash with each other conflict is initiated, this practically means that causing arrest is similar to causing conflictCrop damageCrop damage occurs when animals cross the boundaries and move into the farm fields to feed on the cultivated crops like maize, millet, cassava, yam, guinea corn and ground nuts. The most hard animals are elephants, baboons, green monkeys and red monkeys. The WD is seriously concerned about crop damage and problem animals but does not have financial resour ces available to subsidisation compensation for lost crops (Wildlife Division, 2001).The current legislation does not provide sufficient incentive for farmers to care and protect wildlife on their primties. The result is that wildlife for most farmers is considered a oath that in many cases is directly competing with their agricultural activities (Wildlife Division, 2001). The farmers feel the WD should take responsibility of their animals to reduce the amount of damage. The WD has the opinion that the farmers are exaggerating the unfeigned amount and frequency of damage, farmers are using crop damage only to create resentment (Wildlife Division, 2001).Resource accessThe wildlife reserves regulations of 1971 (L.I. 710) states that no person at any time can enter a reserve except with the consent of the Senior Wildlife Officer. It is thus illegal to enter Mole NP without official permission. The denial of land access is the third identified social conflict base, meaning that the villagers are not allowed to enter the reserves, also for purposes other than hunting such as fetching water, collecting fire wood and NTFPs as well as visiting sacred groves (Marseille, 2004).The sacred stream case for example is a conflict relating to the issue of land access. Villagers are not permitted access to the stream creating dis arranging which is primarily values and interest-based. The villagers value the stream based on its traditional and spiritual importance whereas the WD values the stream for its biological and ecological features. The villagers also have a different interest in the stream, they would like to use the stream for both swimming and fishing purposes as well as the fetching of water. The interest of the WD in the stream is linked to conservation purposes (Marseille, 2004). Also, more indirectly the conflict is history-based, culture-based due to the way the park was created and the influence of government institutions.The situational circumstances that surround the initial conflict setting determine the actual conflict base. The identified conflict bases are the surfacing fundamental principle of the wildlife conservation conflict in general, however, these conflict bases have by no means static characteristics. As the conflict evolves the initial conflict base mogul develop into another conflict base. Conflict bases are also interrelated with each other.Ghanas Wildlife lawsGhanas wildlife policy states that although the political sympathies cannot be liable for damage caused by wildlife, it will take reasonable measures to protect people, crops and property against wild animal damage. The 11th and 12th item of the Policy states that the conservation of wildlife within Parks and Reserves will over-ride all other interests in them (FC, 2010). No use of Parks and Reserves that will conflict materially with wildlife conservation will be allowed. It presents specific principles on rights of local access to basic natural resources, local democracy, participatory management and protection of set and wildlife resources (Kotey et al, 1999). The policy entrenches a biocentric approach to wildlife conservation which is reflected in exclusive management and thus denies human access to resources because degradation of biodiversity has been verified (Caspary, 1999)Stakeholder analysisThe stakeholders, generally referring to all the people who affect and/or are affected in the conflict situation, are hereby classified into these three broad groups namely government, local community and third party. By analyzing using the conflict onion, the positions, interests, needs and fears/hopes of these stakeholder groups were identified and presented in the table 1 below.Table 1 Stakeholder classification using the conflict onionElements of conflictStakeholderGovernmentLocal CommunityThird partyPositionIn favour of the national parkAgainst the national parkIn favour of the national parkInterestBiodiversity conservationExertion of authorityAccess to resourceProtection of inheritanceResource conservationSocial justiceneedIncome (tourism)International collectionSubsistenceEmploymentCultural valuesSustainable resource managementPolitical successFear/hopeBiodiversity lossLoss of land and cultural heritagefundingThe government being in favour of the creation and maintenance of the national park could be considered as the proponent in contrast with the local community as opponents in this conflict situation. The third party could be regarded as social based group which is also in favour of the national park in terms of position in the conflict. There are varying interests from the stakeholder groups with only resource conservation overlapping between the government and the third party as opposed to resource access by community. However, while the governments interest is to show that it holds the final authority over all forest and natural resources, the local community is also interested in preserving the herit age their ancestors had handed over to them from generation to generation and the third party is also interested in social justice for the local community.Power structure of stakeholdersThe government represents all agencies in favour of the national park comprising the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources (MLNR), Forestry Commission (FC), Wildlife Division (WD). These are state agencies are mandated by law to manage the forest and wildlife resources for the common good of all Ghanaians. With the decentralized system of governance, the Ministry of Local Government (MLG) and the district Assembly (DA) form an allied group that supports the government in its decision. Though the MLG and the DA have the mandate to see to the sustainable development of the district, with respect to forest and wildlife resources the MLNR and the FC wield more power in this conflict situation. Hence, the DA is seen to be indifferent in this situation.The local community comprises farmers, hunters, yout h group, women group and community-based organizations. These are more often than not individuals and in orchis community associations which are easily alienated from any formal decision making processes. The third party in this conflict case is the Netherlands maturation Cooperation (SNV) and other local and international non-governmental organizations such as Plan Ghana. These are considered to be social based group which operate as watch chase after to ensure social justice. They serve as intermediary between the government and the local community. The power relation is depicted in the figure 1 below. examine 3 Relationship between key stakeholders in the conflictConflict TheoryThe power relation between the stakeholders is asymmetrical and could be analysed with the social conflict theory. This theory argues that in any conflict situation where power is unevenly distributed, the stakeholder group with more power exploits those with less power (Bartos and Wehr, 2002). This is the case where the government by executive instrument forcefully evicted the inhabitants during the creation of the national park without adequate compensation and resettlement plan.Type of conflictThe conflict is basically over the forest and wildlife resource. The land and the wildlife resources served as the source of livelihood to the local community. The denial of access and use right to the park signifies the removal of the local communitys source of livelihood and threat to their lives. The use of arms to guard the borders of the park and ward off entry by local community members has resulted in the conflict taking on a relational dimension. Hatred and unfriendly relation between local community and staff of the park is a key factor in the conflict.Moreover, the conflict encompasses different form and nature of incompatibility. These interconnected elements culminate in the complexity of the conflict. The different bases of incompatibility (Wehr, 1979 in Walker and Daniels, 1 997)), see table 2, are all to a varying degree included within the different conflict bases.Table 2 examples of incompatibility in the conflictNature of incompatibilityExampleFact-basedThe actual amount of crop damage reported by farmersValue-basedThe elephant a farm pest or a valuable speciesInterest-basedThe presence of fertile arable land within the parkPerson-basedSuspicion and mistrust among villagers about the wildlife staffHistory-basedThe way the park was created exclusive managementCulture-basedTraditional linkages with sacred places within the parkIt could be seen that this case of a resource conflict is multifaceted and all these elements presented in table 2 above must be addressed and an acceptable balance achieved through a participatory decision making process.The conflict human bodysUsing the conflict escalation model, the conflict has been a long standing one with multiple phases. The resource area was first created as a wildlife reserve in 1958 and later re-desi gnated at a national park in 1971 (FC, 2010). The period between 1958 and 1971 could be considered as the pre-conflict phase because during this period the local community started to sense the threats to its very existence. Though during this period the local community members could have access into the reserve and some communities were actually sited in the reserve, they were not allowed to engage in any commercial activity from the resources they have customary rights over (Marseille, 2010).However in 1971 when the reserve was re-designated as a national park, all the local communities within the area were forcefully evicted by the use of state security apparatus and that led to the first burping of conflict (Marseille, 2004 ). Prior notices had been given to the local communities to evacuate from the area where they lived to outside the borders of the national park without any resettlement plan by the government for the local communities. Hence, the community readied itself to e ngage in open confrontation and the government knowing this also deployed the military to maintain order. The violence continued because the local communities were not vigorous to give up the historical heritage but with the heavy presence of military forces the violence finally calmed down (Marseille, 2004).After the eruption of the first conflict, no efforts were made to address the concerns of the local communities but between 1971 and 1992 the conflict became latent largely due to the military political regime. However, from 1992 when Ghana became a multi-party democratic state the local communities started to mobilize themselves for an action to attract attention to their plight. In 2004, an invasion of local community farmlands by wild animals, particularly elephants, triggered a massive community protest with attack on the national park through killing of animals and bushfires (Marseille, 2004). This represents the second eruption of conflict and being a democratic society, a peaceful solution was sought to resolve the conflict this time. This brought in the third party group in 2005 to address the conflict situation. Hence, the conflict is in its second post-conflict phase till date. The figure 2 below gives a representation of the stages of the conflict.Fig.4 Phases of the conflict between Larabanga and Mole NPPrevious conflict resolution approachesThe first formal process of conflict resolution started in 2005 with the coming in of the Netherlands Development Organization (SNV) as a third party to bring the opposing sides together to find a peaceful agreement between them. Two alternative dispute resolution (ADR) approaches were employed namely facilitation and intermediation. The facilitation process sought to deal with the noticeable emotions and to prepare the two sides to engage in a formal process of dialogue towards finding a common solution to the conflict. This was followed by a mediation process where the opposing sides presented their cas es to the neutral mediator. In the end, the mediation process saw to the shifting of the position of the local community from opposing the existence of the national park to a new position of acceptance for the common good of the whole country (Marseille, 2004). Consequently, a agreement was successfully negotiated with the local community demanding adequate compensation, proper resettlement plan and participation in the management of the national park. (Mason and Danso, 1995)Challenges of the conflict resolution processIt is indisputable that the facilitation and mediation processes employed by SNV were successful in dealing with the strong emotions and bringing these opposing sides to sit down to dialogue. Also, a peaceful agreement was reached with some level of satisfaction by both sides at the end of the negotiation (Marseille, 2004). However, the implementation of the outcomes and the action plan of the mediation process were faced with some challenges that were overlooked duri ng the negotiation process.Stakeholder representation from the stakeholder analysis above it could be realized that not all stakeholders were represented at the negotiation process. Typically, only the leaders of the community and the park managers were brought at the table. Hence the issue of legitimization became a limiting factor to the implementation of the outcome of the process. The park managers do not have the constitutional mandate to pay compensation and to meet the other demands of the local community. It is not clear the strategic behaviour of the MLNR, which have the ultimate authority to implement the outcomes, to stay out of the negotiation process. The legitimacy of the outcome was questioned since the creation of the national park was by executive instrument and the conflict transcends the domain of the local community and the park management team to the bigger domain of national politics.Non-binding agreement the non-binding agreement was not appropriate for the c onflict resolution process since the outcome required more of a legislative or executive instrument to implement. Again, because the agreement is non-binding, with every change of government the new administration tends not to continue with any programme of the previous government if it is not legally binding. It must be stress that when a new government comes to power, certain positions in the state organizations, mostly the Ministers, Chief Executives and directors, are replaced by new ones for political reasons.A new view of the problemA theoretical approach to the conflictConflict may involve various kinds of issues substantive, procedural and relationship. Substantive issues refers to interests that relate to tangible (observable, definable, measurable) products such as availability of firewood, protection of crop-raiding animals or stopping illegal hunting activities (Walker and Daniels, 1997). Procedural issues include a groups need to be included in decision-making, to have their opinions perceive and to be respected as a social entity (Borrini-Feyerabend et al, 2000). Conflict management involves making progress on these three fundamental dimensions of a conflict situation. any(prenominal) conflict situation includes substantive, procedural and relationship dimensions (the type of conflict) and a conflict situation is initially addressed through any of the three dimensions.Natural resource policy conflicts are complex they arise within some context which typically is defined by a complex array of factors, such as numerous parties, multiple issues, deeply held values, cultural differences, scientific and technical uncertainty and legal and jurisdictional constraints (Walker and Daniels, 1997).It has been contended that natural resource conflicts are inevitable and unavoidable but also desirable to the extent that it can lead to negotiated, innovative agreements among stakeholders (Daniels and Walker, 1997).While conflicts over resource use are never favourable, when they do occur they can be used to demonstrate the need for a conflict management approach. According to Walker and Daniels (1997) well-managed natural resource conflicts can lead to better decisions, reform social cohesion, stimulate innovation and increase morale. Complex conflict situations may never be resolved, so that an agreement is reached that puts an end to those incompatibilities that caused the conflict. Whatever the conflict situation and how it is characterized, co