THE FEASIBILITY OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING FRESH WATER TO Essay

THE FEASIBILITY OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR PROVIDING FRESH WATER TO ARID REGIONS OF THE WORLD - Essay fashion modelThere are two solutions which include finding an alternate or extra weewee supply supply preference using conservative centralized approach. This report entails on different methods utilise in harvesting piss to make it useful for human consumption and domestication. The methods include a) Rain water harvesting b) Water diversions c) desalinization d) Water re-use e) Storing water in reservoirs f) Transferring water among basins 1. Rain water harvesting Rain water perplexity which is as well known as harvesting has received numerous renewed attentions as an alternative federal agency of augmenting water sources. The method involves collecting and intercepting rain water where it falls to the ground before it gets contaminated to the tip of being harmful to human consumption (Pereira et al, 2002) as the author suggests. Water harvesting has been employed for a long time for the purpose of irrigation and restoration of lands productivity, used for drinking by both humans and animals, ontogenesis ground water resources, minimize risk in drought stricken areas and to reduce ( rain water harvesting, 2006 ) do water discharge as the journal states. Water harvesting has a few advantages which includes I. It provides a good supplement to other water sources and co- exists well with them, hence relieving pressure on the other sources of water. II. It reduces storm drainage and flooding in urban streets. III. Its maintenance, construction, and operation are not labor intensive, and the technology utilise is very flexible. 2. Water diversions Water diversion is where water is directed to a certain direction where it is intimately manageable and monitored. The technique used to deal with natural variability in flow consists of diversion of water into ditches, recharge pits spreading basins and infiltrations lagoons. The practice of water diver sion is widely applied in most countries in particular the ones in the arid and semi-arid regions throughout the Middle East and Mediterranean terrains (UNESCO, 2000 Mahnot et al., 2003) as it was reported from the international government focusing on water development in developing and developed countries. 3. Desalination This method is used only in water-scarce semi-arid and coastal- arid areas that are inland located where the only available source of water is either (brackish) ground water or saline. This technology of water harvesting has been used since the twentieth speed of light as (Awerbuch, 2004 and Schiffler 2004) report about the global use of desalination capacity and its challenges. About fifty percentage of worldwide desalination occurs in the Middle East, followed by North America and Europe. The future usage of desalination is emerging at a high rate with an increasing demand and up- scaling process. It promotes tourism and also acts as a recreation for the dev elopment of economy in the coastal regions (Pyne et al, 2004) as reported in the world water development report. 4. Water re-use It was recently summarized (Asano and Levine, 2004) that there are many challenges associated with water convalescence and reuse. They stated that the technique used in water reuse has been employed in many countries much(prenominal) as the United States and Germany. Modern waste water treatment has facilitated its increased usage in up to date waste water treatment procedure. These technological processes can effectively remove environmental material, pathogens and nutrients going away the treated water with a wide range of prospective applications. According to the water recycle go over (Mantovani et al,